Devices are available in all telecom wavelength bands from 1250 to 1650 nm, as well as in the short wavelength 1060nm. Semiconductor optical amplifier with its features of small package, lowcost applications and potential use for optical switching, it can be a great choice to suit most customers. Active photonic integrated circuits using semiconductor optical amplifiers yiwei xie, leimeng zhuang, arthur james lowery electrophotonics laboratory, dept. Semiconductor optical amplifiers for passive optical networks. An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first. Semiconductor optical amplifiers soas and laser diodes lds are important components for optical systems. Its high gain and low noise figure provide a high performance, compact and price competitive alternative to single channel edfas in receiver subsystems. To determine the noise gain of any amplifier circuit, find the circuit gain at the noninverting input of the amplifier.
The qlight platform is based on chiplevel optimization and integration of semiconductor optical amplifier soa structures and robust optoelectronic packaging. Equivalent circuit of a semiconductor optical amplifier. A semiconductor optical amplifier soa is a semiconductor laser with antireflection coated facets that amplifies an injected light signal by means of stimulated emission. It is a twoport electronic circuit that uses electric power from a power supply to increase the amplitude of a signal applied to its input terminals, producing a proportionally greater amplitude signal at its output. Semiconductor optical amplifier an overview sciencedirect topics. Differential amplifiers are used as a means of suppressing commonmode noise. Semiconductor optical amplifiers light up alloptical. Of the many nonlinear materials investigated, one device has emerged as a practical solution for alloptical signal processing the semiconductor optical amplifier soa. Keywords modulation multiplexer phase signal analog communication communication systems computer integrated circuit logic material modeling network semiconductor transmission. The application of semiconductor optical amplifiers soas is not limited only to. A detailed circuit model for semiconductor optical amplifier, which incorporates thermal and spectral behavior, is reported. With deploying polarization diversity circuit, polarization dependent gain was reduced from 22. The treatments in the book are detailed enough to capture the interest of the curious reader and sufficiently complete to provide the necessary background to explore the subject further.
In the present practical optical fiber amplifier, erbiumdoped fiber amplifiers edfa, semiconductor optical amplifiers soa, and raman fiber amplifier fra are mainly used. Active photonic integrated circuits using semiconductor. Thorlabs also offers a benchtop erbiumdoped fiber link amplifier developed by our strategic partner. Theoretical simulations are performed and agree well with experimental results.
It is also used as an important element in optical switching, alloptical signal processing, demultiplexing, regeneration and wavelength conversion. The opamp configures this differential amplifier as the main circuit. Frequency and timedomain simulations of semiconductor. Simulated input power dynamic range for a 2x2 soa switch fabric williams, 2006. Application circuitvoltage sensing and design guide of. Optical semiconductor devices power management ics intelligent power ics linear ics motor driver ics.
The conventional semiconductor optical amplifier soa, on the other hand, is an attractive nonlinear element due to its strong nonlinearity, compactness, power efficiency, and integration. An optical preamplifier is used at the end of the optical fiber link in order to increase the sensitivity of an optical receiver. The key to achieving alloptical processing functions is to use a nonlinear optical material where different light beams can interact. To find the amplifiers openloop gain curve, refer to the devices datasheet. The theoretical and experimental studies of semiconductor optical ampli. This high gain semiconductor optical amplifier is primarily intended for use as an optical preamplifier in high bit rate applications 10 gbits and 40 gbits. Semiconductor optical amplifiers concordia university. Because the outstanding features of edfa, it is widely used in highrate optical fiber communication system, access network, optical fiber catv network, military system. It can be used in the10g100g system, suitable for system design conveniently.
Semiconductor optical amplifiers high power operation boris stefanov, leo spiekman, david piehler alphion corporation ieee 802. It is essentially like a laser diode where the end mirrors have. In semiconductor optical, the block diagram of an amplified. Fabry perot amplifiers fpa when the light enters fpa it gets amplified as it reflects back and forth between the mirrors until emitted at a higher intensity. Integrated optical amplifiers on silicon waveguides john e. Alkhursanintegral gain in quantum dot semiconductor optical amplifiers ahmed h. Design guide for the typical application circuit, voltage sensing circuit. Semiconductor optical amplifier archives tutorials of. Semiconductor optical amplifier for next generation of high data. Soa optical amplifiers use the semiconductor as the gain medium, which is designed to be used in general applications to increase optical launch power to compensate for the loss of other optical devices. In semiconductor optical amplifiers soas, electronhole recombination occurs.
Gallep,b and evandro confortia auniversity of campinas, department of communications, faculty of electrical and computer engineering, avenida albert einstein 400, campinas, sp 83852, brazil. An amplifier, electronic amplifier or informally amp is an electronic device that can increase the power of a signal a timevarying voltage or current. Pdf semiconductor optical amplifiers and their applications. Neophotonics has twosemiconductor technology platforms that are used to make electronic chips that are integrated with optical devices, such as laser or modulator drivers and trans impedance amplifiers. Quantum dotsemiconductor optical amplifiers qdsoa are characterized by ultrafast gain recovery time grt of the order of magnitude of several picoseconds, broadband gain, low noise figure ns, high saturation output power, and high fourwave mixing fwm efficiency.
Very large optical bandwidth up to 150nm polarization independent. Many of the advances in optical networks have been made possible by the advent of the optical amplifier. Thorlabs optical amplifiers are available as complete benchtop systems or as pigtailed butterfly packages. Finally, when light comes out at z l, its power is much higher compared to what it was at z 0. In this paper, we have proposed a unified equivalent circuit model, which includes time delay circuit and different boundary conditions, for the simulations of traveling wave tw soas, fabryperot fp soas and. Based on a diodelaser model, this paper presents the equivalent electrical circuit above and below the transparency condition for a chip unpackaged semiconductor optical amplifier. It is also suitable for nonexperts who wish to have an overview of optical amplifiers.
Therefore, the wdm optical packetswitched network was proposed to unite these benefits and reduce the power consumption compared to circuitbased networks. Custom semiconductor optical amplifier soa, 10nm fs. Soas offer a key technology for amplification, switching, wavelength conversion, and regeneration in optical networks. First monolithically integrated dual phase sensitive. Our line of benchtop optical amplifiers includes ytterbiumdoped fiber amplifiers ydfas, a praseodymiumdoped fluoride fiber amplifier pdfa, and erbiumdoped fiber amplifiers edfas. Schematic diagram of a simple doped fiber amplifier. Soa is miniature in size and can be integrated with other photonic devices, but may suffer.
Semiconductor optical amplifier soa, erbiumdoped fiber amplifier edfa, and fiber raman amplifier are presented. The power amplifier works on the basic principle of converting the dc power drawn from the power supply into an ac voltage signal delivered to the load. Bowers, hyundai park, yinghao kuo, and alexander w. Semiconductor optical amplifiers high power operation. Integrated optical amplifiers on silicon waveguides. It operates as the same as standard semiconductor lasers and is packaged in tiny size as butterfly design. Bias current influence on semiconductor optical amplifier. A detailed circuit model for semiconductor optical amplifier. The equivalent electrical circuits including the parasitic elements and their variations with the injected bias current for three semiconductor optical amplifiers soa were obtained. Our products semiconductor optical amplifiers soas are utilized in diverse, innovative applications and can be used as amplifiers, light sources, or switches. They represent advances in research, technology and commercial trends in the area of semiconductor optical amplifiers. Semiconductor optical amplifier leo spiekman, david piehler, alphion corp. What is the purpose of using a differential amplifier.
Broadband high gain 30db in 10101090nm range strong linear polarization. As the light propagates inside the waveguide it gets amplified. For more information on amplifiers, see the optical amplifiers tab above. In a raman amplifier, the signal is intensified by raman amplification. Typical performance of 2 mm long qdsoa alfree quantum dash semiconductor optical amplifier, based on buried ridge stripe technology wide optical bandwidth. A typical structure of a ingaaspinp soa is shown in the figure below. It can be used as an advanced text by graduate students and by practicing engineers. Semiconductor optical amplifier soa is an amplifier of small size using a semiconductor to provide the gain medium 4 and pump electronically. For amplication at 1550 nm, we also offer a semiconductor optical amplifier soa that provides polarizationinsensitive amplification at a lower maximum gain than the boa counterpart. Photonic integrated semiconductor optical amplifier switch circuits 207 025 20 15 10 5 0 1 2 2 1 3 0 4 1 input power per wavelength channel dbm power penalty db switch fabric gain db fig. Figure 1 shows amplifiers gain medium causes amplification of incoming light.
Semiconductor optical amplifiers is selfcontained and unified in presentation. Semiconductor optical amplifiers are often adopted in telecommunication systems in the form of fiberpigtailed components, operating at signal wavelengths between 0. Hybrid integration of semiconductor optical amplifier and. Semiconductor optical amplifiers connelly, michael j. Qdsoa can be used as ultrawideband uwb polarizationinsensitive highpower amplifiers, highspeed signal regenerators. Chip is essentially an antireflection coated fp laser industry standard butterfly packaging cost comparable to edfa pump laser key advantage. Perspective for semiconductor optical amplifier mach zehnder interferometer circuitry in routing and signal processing applications george t. Optical amplifiers for nextgeneration telecommunication. Kanellos 1, maria spyropoulou 2, konstantinos vyrsokinos 1, amalia miliou 2 and nikos pleros 2 1informatics and telematics institute, center for research and technolo gy hellas. The structure and principle of soas and lds are similar.
The application of semiconductor optical amplifiers soas is not limited only to the amplification of optical signals. In other words, a power amplifier amplifies the power of the input signal which is why these types of amplifier circuits are used in audio amplifier output stages to drive loudspeakers. Products amphotonix semiconductor optical amplifiers. It is difficult to remove commonmode noise with typical filters. During operation as an optical amplifier, light is coupled into the waveguide at z 0. Semiconductor optical amplifiers booster optical amplifiers are amplifiers which use a semiconductor to provide the gain medium. Semiconductor optical amplifier is selfcontained and unified in presentation.
A circuit with a 45 degree phase margin will produce a 23% overshoot step response behavior. Amplifier types there are three most important types of optical amplifiers. Used as an amplifier, all aeon soas support burstmode operation. Experiments on different chips are conducted to successfully demonstrate phasesensitive amplification with approximately 6. Equivalent circuit model of quantum dot semiconductor. Alkhursandesign of ultrafast alloptical 4bit parity generator and checker using quantumdot semiconductor optical amplifierbased machzehnder interferometer e. Semiconductor optical amplifier at 915nm, 980nm, 1060nm, 10nm, and 1550nm in 14pin butterfly package. The modeling and parameters extraction were obtained as a function. Frequency domain measurements with further tuning of numerical modeling parameters were used to. Simulated input power dynamic rang e for a 2x2 soa switch fabric williams, 2006. Photonic integrated semiconductor optical amplifier switch. Optical gain, gain bandwidth, saturation power level, and noise figure are among the most important parameters of an optical amplifier. Soas semiconductor optical amplifier, implemented between the 10nm multiplexer port and the lr4 transceiver, are amplifying the 10nm spectrum.
Introduction to the amplifier an amplifier tutorial. Widely tunable lasers benefit from the addition of an soa, since it allows the laser bias condition to be optimized for emission wavelength and smsr. It is essentially like a laser diode where the end mirrors have been replaced with antireflection coatings. They have a similar structure to fabryperot laser diodes but with antireflection design elements at the end faces.
Semiconductor optical amplifiers soas, as the name suggests, are used to amplify optical signals. Heterogeneous siliconinp semiconductor optical amplifiers. The semiconductor optical amplifier soa is one example of an optical component that can be added to a silicon photonic integrated circuit pic by the addition of iiiv semiconductors. Semiconductor optical amplifiers there are two types of soas.
It is sensitive to temperature and input optical frequency. A semiconductor optical amplifier is an optical amplifier based on a semiconductor gain medium. Frequency and timedomain simulations of semiconductor optical amplifiers using equivalent circuit modeling rafael c. We demonstrated a semiconductor optical amplifier hybridintegrated with a silicabased planar lightwave circuits.
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